Have est soit un auxiliaire, soit un verbe ordinaire qui exprime l'idée de possession.
1 Conjugaison de have verbe ordinaire
► Conjugaison au présent : deux formes possibles
affirmation | interrogation | négation |
I have I have got you have you have got he/she/it has he/she/it has got we have we have got you have you have got they have they have got | do I have? have I got? do you have? have you got? does he/she/it have? has he/she/it got? do we have? have we got? do you have? have you got? do they have? have they got? | I don't have I haven't got you don't have you haven't got he/she/it doesn't have he/she/it hasn't got we don't have we haven't got you don't have you haven't got they don't have they haven't got |
Do you have time for a drink?
Tu as le temps de prendre un verre ?
► Le prétérit de have est had (did I have?, didn't have).
He had a great time in Italy last summer.
Il s'est bien amusé en Italie l'été dernier.
► Le participe passé de have est had.
2 Have auxiliaire
► Il sert à former le present perfect (have/has + participe passé).
I have studied a lot.
J'ai beaucoup étudié.
► Il sert à former le past perfect (had + participe passé).
She had never met him before.
Elle ne l'avait jamais rencontré avant.
3 Have verbe ordinaire
► Have exprime la possession.
I have (got) a dog.
J'ai un chien.
Do you have a dog?/Have you got a dog? (gb)
Est-ce que tu as un chien ?
► Certaines expressions avec have sont traduites par un autre verbe qu'« avoir » en français.
have a shower / a bath : prendre une douche/un bain
have a lesson : prendre un cours
have breakfast : prendre le petit déjeuner
have lunch / dinner : prendre le déjeuner/le dîner
have tea : prendre le thé
have a drink : prendre un verre
have a good time : s'amuser
have a walk : se promener
Dans ce cas cas, have est considéré comme un verbe ordinaire et non pas comme auxiliaire : il peut se mettre à la forme en be + V-ing et se conjugue toujours avec do, does ou did.
She's having dinner.
Elle est en train de dîner.
Do you have a tennis lesson today?
Est-ce que tu as un cours de tennis aujourd'hui ?
Did you have a good time?
Est-ce que tu t'es amusé ?
notez bien
Have to + verbe permet d'exprimer l'obligation.
I have (got) to do it now.
Je dois le faire maintenant.
When do you have to call her?
Quand dois-tu l'appeler ?